GIFT  OF 

Montana  Historical 
Society 


PACIFIC  COAST  SOUVENIR, 


PUBLISHED     BY 


E.   S.    DENISON 

OAKLAND,  CALIFORNIA. 


'O     .Vlf/iU 


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Copyright,  1888,  by  E.  S.  DENISON,  Oakland,  California. 


5  EL  CAPITAN,  YOSEMITE  VALLEY. 


9     THE    THREE     BROTHERS,     YOSEMITE     VALLEY 


io    CLIFF     HOUSE,    AND    SEAL     ROCKS     SAN     FRANCISCO. 


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m 


ii  REST  ON   THE     ROAD,  WELLS     FARGO     STAGE. 


15    CHINESE     STORE.    S.F. 


17     DINING     ROOM,     HOTEL    DEL    MONTE. 


18     PALACE     HOTEL,     SAN     FRANCISCO, 


20    ROYAL    GORGE,    DENVER. 
1)    &     K.    G.    Ry. 


21  &  22  VIEW  OF  FALLS,  AND  YOSEMITE  VALLEY. 


23    SUMMIT     STATION,     C.  P.  R.  R. 


24     STEAMER     PIEDMONT. 


26     STATE    UNIVERSITY     BUILDINGS,  CAL. 


27     WELLS     FARGO    STAGE. 


29     CASTLE     ROCKS.    (SHASTA  ROUTE.) 


30  CARMEL    MISSION.   MONTEREY. 


32     MISSION,    SAN     XAVIER,    NEAR    TUCSON,     ARIZONA. 


53    WAWONA. 


35   THE  PAVILION,  GARFIELD  BEACH,  GREAT  SALT  LAKE,  UTAH. 


36  GOLDEN     GATE     PARK,     SAN    FRANCISCO,     CONSERVATORY     AND 

MUSIC     STAND. 


. 


39     DEVIL'S     SLIDE. 


44    ROGUE     RIVER     VALLEY,    OREGON. 


45     INTERIOR    AND    EXTERIOR     SANTA     BARBARA     MISSION. 


46     MOSS     BRAE     FALLS. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  VIEWS. 


1.  DRIVING    THE    LAST    SPIKE       The   Central    Pacific  Railroad 
Company  filed  their  certificate  of  incorporation  at  Sacramento  on  June  28, 
1861.'      The  railroad  was  completed  eight  years  later,  the  last  spike  being 
driven  at  Promontory,  Utah,  May  9,  1869,  upon  which  memorable  day  there 
was  great  joy  along  the  Pacific  coast. 

"  All  honor  to  the  work !     All  praise 
To  men  through  whose  devotion 
Nature  now  kneels  in  open  ways 
From  ocean  unto  ocean  !  " 

2.  CAPITOL   AT   SACRAMENTO.     The  capital  city  of  California  is 
Sacramento,  situated  on  the  river  of  that  name,  about  forty  miles  from  tide- 
water.    This  was  the  most  important  town  in  California  in  early  days,  and 
was  the  starting  point  of  the  Central  Pacific  Railroad.     The  capitol  building 
is  a  conspicuous  and  rather  imposing  one,  which  serves  as  a  landmark  for  the 
country  folk  for  leagues  and  leagues  around,  and  is  the  last  notable  object 
visible  as  the  eastbound  traveller  winds  around  the  Cape  Horn  cliff  just 
beyond  Colfax. 

3.  AROUND    THE   BIO   BEND.      (On  the    Shasta    Route.)      At  the 
eighteenth  crossing  of  the  Sacramento  River,  the  ruggedness  of  the  country 
has  made  it  necessary  for  the  road  and  the  river  to  part  company,  and  in  the 
climb   around  the  Big  Bend  some  of  the  most  picturesque  canon  scenery  of 
the  whole  country  is  displayed  —  such  as  the  Sacramento  Canon,  the  River, 
Scott  Mountains,  etc.     By  the  bluffs  of  basalt  and  banks  of  lava  to  be  seen 
here,  one  realizes  his  near  approach  to  the  old  volcano.     Indeed,  these  are 
the  foothills  of  Shasta. 

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way,  the  fresh,  invigorating  mountain  air  gave  him  an  appetite  that  enabled 
him  to  do  justice  to  the  excellent  dinners  at  the  old  taverns,  and  it  gave  him 
a  much  clearer  notion  of  the  vast  extent  of  the  country. 

12.  TOSEMITE    VALLEY.    (Elevation,    4030   ft.)      This    cleft,    or 
gorge,  or  chasm,  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  is  not  alone  wonderful  for  the  vertical- 

ty  of  its  walls,  its  profound  depths,  and  its  dizzy  heights.  It  has  a  hundred 
beautiful  attractions  that  combine  to  place  it  in  the  front  rank  of  scenic  won- 
ders of  the  world.  The  floor  of  the  valley  is  about  4000  feet  above  sea  level, 
the  walls  rise  from  3000  to  6000  feet  above  the  floor,  and  back  of  these  won- 
derful battlements  rise  a  hundred  snowy  peaks  of  the  Sierra,  from  2000  to 
4000  feet  higher  still.  It  is  a  kingdom  of  giants,  a  coterie  of  wonders,  a 
cluster  of  marvels.  Neither  the  Alps,  nor  the  Himalayas,  nor  the  Pyrenees, 
nor  any  other  country  have  a  Yosemite.  It  stands  alone,  and  unapproachable 
in  its  grandeur. 

13.  SISKIYOU   SUMMIT.    (On    the    Shasta    Route.)       This   is    the 
crossing  of  the  Siskiyou  Mountains,  a  geographical  barrier  between  California 
and  Oregon,  a  transverse  ridge   that  marks   the  dividing  line  between   the 
Sierra  and  the  Cascades.     The  length  of   tunnel  No.   13,  at  the  summit,  is 
3108  feet;  its  elevation,  4134  feet.     The  grade  over  these  mountains  is  about 
the  steepest  railroad  climbing  in  the  United  States,  reaching  the  3.3  figure  in 
some  instances,  or  174  feet  to  the  mil',-.    From  near  the  south  portal  of  tunnel 
No.   13  a  very  grand  view  is  obtained  of  Pilot  Knob,  —  the  Sierra,  Shasta. 
Scott  Mountains,  and  the  coast  ranges. 

14  &  38.  MUIR'S  PEAK.  (On  the  Shasta  Route.)  Muir's  Peak,  named 
in  honor  of  Mr.  John  Muir,  California!!  scientist,  stands  guard  at  the  northern 
end  of  Strawberry  Valley.  Its  elevation  is  about  6500  feet ;  it  looks  like  a  little 
brother  of  Shasta,  and,  but  for  its  huge  parent,  would  be  thought  an  object 
of  great  interest  in  itself.  There  are  five  well-defined  volcanic  cones  on  and 
around  it,  and  the  railroad  winds  about  its  base,  affording  fine  views  of  its 
symmetrical  pine  slopes. 

16.  CAP  OF  LIBERTY  AND  NEVADA  FALL.  (Yosemite  Val- 
ley. Elevation,  8050  ft.)  The  Cap  of  Liberty  is  one  of  those  rounded,  ice- 
polished  domes  of  granite  that  occur  frequently  throughout  the  Sierra  in 
general,  and  the  Yosemite  in  particular.  It  rises  to  an  elevation  of  2000  fret 

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almost  perpendicularly  above  its  base,  and,  though  apparently  inaccessible, 
may  be  quite  comfortably  climbed  from  its  eastern  side.  It  stands  guard 
over  the  two  grandest  cataracts  of  the  Merced  River,  —  namely,  the  Nevada 
and  Vernal  Falls,  —  their  combined  heights  being  over  one  thousand  feet. 
The  Nevada  Fall,  Yosemite  Valley,  650  feet  in  height,  is,  in  every  respect, 
one  of  the  grandest  waterfalls  in  the  world.  The  fall  is  not  quite  perpendic- 
ular, as  there  is,  near  the  summit,  a  ledge  of  rock  which,  receiving  a  portion  of 
the  water,  throws  it  aside  in  a  peculiar  manner,  adding  greatly  to  its  beauty. 

17  &  19.  HOTEL  DEL  MONTE.  (On  Monterey  Hay.)  The  name 
"Hotel  del  Monte'1  is  now  synonymous  with  whatsoever  things  are  lovelv, 
comfortable,  home-like,  and  elegant.  All  that  money,  good  taste,  and  experi- 
ence can  do  toward  making  a  perfect  seaside  resort,  has  been  done  here.  It 
should  also  be  observed  that  Nature  had  evidently  anticipated  some  such  idea, 
for  she  carved  the  hillsides,  and  crowned  them  with  forests ;  she  rounded  the 
bay-shore  lines  and  smoothed  out  the  beach ;  she  planted  mighty  oaks  and 
majestic  pines,  and  attended  to  all  the  other  small  yet  beautiful  details ;  and 
everything  being  so  favorable,  it  is  not  wonderful  that  this  should  now  be  a 
world-famous  resort.  Space  forbids  any  particulars  here  regarding  the  man- 
agement or  accommodations  of  this  mammoth  hotel,  or  of  its  many  attrac- 
tions. Suffice  it  to  say  that  all  the  necessities  and  luxuries  of  living  are  to  be 
had  at  its  table  :  all  the  comforts  and  conveniences  of  home  are  to  be  had  in 
its  parlors  and  grand  suites ;  all  manners  of  recreations  and  amusements  are 
to  be  found  upon  its  spacious  grounds ;  all  sorts  and  kinds  of  shrubs  and 
flowers  are  to  be  found  bordering  its  grassy  lawns :  cool,  shady  retreats 
abound,  and  retired  walks  down  toward  the  lake,  and  over  all  an  atmosphere 
balmy,  bracing,  and  beneficent.  And  mark  you,  gentle  traveller  (an  item  not 
so  poetical  as  practical),  a  man  does  not  need  to  be  a  plumber  or  a  bloated 
bondholder  to  afford  the  luxury  of  staying  over  night  at  this  place  —  the  rates 
are  exceedingly  moderate.  Three  and  a  half  hours1  travel  from  San  Francisco, 
through  the  choicest  and  most  beautiful  of  California's  valleys,  brings  you  to 
Del  Monte,  and  no  one  can  afford  not  to  go  who  is  visiting  this  coast,  and 
wishes  to  enjoy  its  best  things. 

18.  PALACE  HOTEL,  SAN  FRANCISCO.  The  Palace  Hotel.  San 
Francisco,  occupying  an  entire  block,  "or  nearly  two  and  a  quarter  acres," 
is  one  of  the  most  striking  features  of  San  Francisco.  It  contains  750  rooms, 
reserved  exclusively  for  guests.  Standing  in  the  courtyard,  in  which  is  ample 

~ 


room  for  a  considerable  number  of  carriages,  and  looking  upward,  the  visitor  will 
notice  the  balconies  of  the  seven  lofty  stories,  the  immense  glass  roof,  beneath 
which  are  graceful  urns  and  vases  containing  tropical  plants  in  luxuriant  growth. 

20.  THE  ROYAL  GORGE.  The  Royal  Gorge,  "  D.  &  R.  G.  Rail- 
road,'1 is  the  climax  of  the  sublimity  of  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Arkansas, 
through  which  the  river  makes  its  way  to  the  plains. 

The  Gorge  lies  midway  in  this  wonderful  chasm,  and  the  best  view  can  be 
obtained  from  the  famous  hanging  bridge  ;  here  the  walls  of  the  Canon  rise 
2600  feet  above  the  track. 

21  &  22.  THE  YOSEMITE  FALLS.  Yosemite  Valley,  consist  of  a 
series  of  three  falls,  the  total  height  of  which  is  2600  feet.  The  water  com- 
mences its  descent  with  a  leap  of  1500  feet ;  it  then  makes  its  way  in  a  series 
of  cascades  equal  to  670  feet  perpendicular,  the  distance  thus  traversed  being 
about  one-third  of  a  mile  ;  it  then  takes  a  final  plunge  of  430  feet.  The  sway- 
ing to  and  fro  of  the  water  in  ils  first  fall  has  a  most  beautiful  effect. 

23.  THE    SUMMIT     OF    THE    SIERRA     (On    the    C.    P.    R.    R. 

Elevation,  7017  ft.)  Possibly  some  conception  of  the  grandeur  of  this  saw- 
tooth range  may  be  gained  when  the  summit  is  reached,  the  lowest  point  over 
which  the  iron-horse  could  climb  being  nearly  one  and  a  half  miles  above  the 
sea.  This  elevation  is  attained  in  less  than  one  hundred  miles  of  travel. 

24.  THE   FERRY-BOAT    'PIEDMONT."   This  is  one  of  the  large, 
handsome  ferry-boats  of  the  Southern  Pacific  Company,  which  ply  between 
Oakland  and  San  Francisco.     Safety,  speed,  and  elegance  are  the  main  char- 
acteristics of  this  fleet  of  transports,  which  carried  during  the  year  1887  over 
seven  millions  of  people  across  the  bay. 

25.  CAFE   HORN.   (On  the  C.  P.  R.  R.     Elevation,  2600  ft.)     Cape 
Horn,  located  a  few  miles  east  of  Colfax,  is  the  first  of  the  heavy  climbing 
across  the  Sierra.     As  the  train  rounds  this  point,  the  view  on  every  hand  is 
grand  and  awe-inspiring.     Sheer  down  two  thousand  feet  is  the  American 
river,  like  a  narrow  green  ribbon,  winding  around  great  bluffs  and  losing  itself 
in  the  distant  forests.     Here,  too,  peak  beyond  peak,  through  the  blue  haze 
rises  the  snowy  Sierra.     From  this  promontory  the  new-comer  gets  his  first 

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extended  view  of  California,  stretching  down  over  fifty  miles  of  foothills  richly 
wooded,  across  the  great  valleys,  and  clear  to  the  coast  range  one  hundred 
and  fifty  miles  away.  ' 

26.  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA.  Directly  fronting  the  Golden 
Gate,  on  a  gently  sloping  foothill  of  the  Contra  Costa  Hills,  there  are  located 
the  State  University  of  California  and  the  smart  town  of  Berkeley.  Of  the 
faculty,  libraries,  and  the  general  apparatus  for  sliding  the  freshman  into  a 
scholarship,  it  is  said  there  are  few  if  any  places  in  the  great  West  equal  to  the 
Berkeley  University.  San  Francisco  has  some  bone-sawyers  and  fine  lawyers 
who  went  "through  this  mill";  and  once  in  a  while  one  of  them  escaped, 
and  may  now  be  found  cultivating  looo-acre  farms  on  truly  scientific  grounds ; 
but  wherever  they  are  found  they  are  proud  of  their  Alma  Mater,  and  generally 
the  admiration  is  mutual. 

28.  SAN  FRANCISCO.    San  Francisco,  the  principal  city  of  California, 

has  not  at  the  present  writing  reached  her  fortieth  birthday;  therefore,  cer- 
tainly, not  her  prime.  Her  population  is  supposed  to  be  about  300,000; 
perhaps  over,  not  under,  that  figure.  Her  situation  geographically  and  com- 
mercially is  certainly  a  very  proud  one  ;  looking  west  to  the  commerce  of  Asia 
and  Oceanica,  north  to  the  vast  fisheries  of  Alaska  and  the  illimitable  resources 
of  the  Northwestern  States,  east  and  south  over  territories  of  enormous  extent 
and  capabilities.  Practically  she  is  without  a  rival.  The  growth  of  San 
Francisco,  considering  her  former  isolation,  has  been  a  steady  and  grand  one. 
She  has  had  some  severe  setbacks  from  one  source  and  another,  but  is  now 
on  the  certain  and  safe  road  to  a  great  future.  Her  public  buildings  are,  as  a 
rule,  creditable,  lacking,  it  is  true,  the  stone  grandeur  and  solidity  of  other 
country  towns,  and  her  business  houses  and  residences  are,  barring  the  color 
of  the  paint,  attractive.  The  situation  of  the  city  is  a  commanding  one,  it 
having  been  apparently  laid  out  as  our  forefathers  did  their  highways,  —  from 
the  top  of  one  hill  to  the  top  of  another,  —  which  has  led  to  the  introduction 
of  the  most  convenient  system  of  street  transportation  in  the  world.  San 
Francisco  may  well  be  proud  of  her  cable  cars.  She  cannot,  however,  boast 
of  the  condition  of  her  streets,  her  system  of  sewerage,  and  a  number  of  other 
points  upon  which  great  improvements  will  doubtless  soon  be  made. 

29.  CASTLE  ROCKS     (On  the  Shasta  Route.)     This  castellated  ridge 
of  granite  is  a  spur  of  the  Trinity  Mountains,  which  attains  an  elevation  of 

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4000  feet  above  the  river,  and  6000  feet  above  sea  level.  Perhaps  the  best 
view  to  be  had  of  Castle  Rocks  from  the  railroad  is  at  Castle  Creek,  although 
their  spires,  minarets,  and  domes  are  visible  occasionally  through  the  forest 
for  several  miles.  Their  place  in  scenic  interest  hereabouts  is  next  to  Mount 
Shasta. 

30.  CARMBL  MISSION.    This  mission  church,  prior  to  its  restoration, 
was  the  most  picturesque  ruin  in  California.     It  was  built  by  Father  Lunipero 
Serra,  in  1770,  the  pioneer  apostle  in  California,  whose  dust  lies  in  its  quiet 
churchyard.     It  is  located,  as  such  buildings  all  are,  in  the  most  commanding, 
beautiful,  and  fruitful  spots  in  the   country.     The  walls  are  of  adobe ;    the 
original  timbers  were  hewn  from  the  solid  log ;  strips  of  raw  hide  were  inter- 
laced with  the  rafters,  and  upon  them  were  laid  the  curious-looking  red  tiles  — 
a  cumbersome  yet  most  excellent  roof.     The    interest   that    once  clustered 
around  this  building  is  in  some  measure  gone  since  it  has  been  repaired  and 
modernized. 

31.  MOUNT   SHASTA.     (From    Strawberry   Valley,    on    the    Shasta 
Route.)     We  shall  have  to  be  contented  with  a  few  statistics  in  our  descrip- 
tion of  this  famous  butte,  and  assure  our  readers  that  any  description,  how- 
ever graphic,  will  fail  to  give  an  adequate  conception  of  its  grandeur. 

SHASTA  FROM  STRAWBERRY  VALLEY. 

Height  of  Main  Peak .         .  14,440  feet. 

Height  of  Lesser  Peak   ........  12,900 

Elevation  above  Valley   ........  11,032      " 

Elevation  of  Timber  Line       .  9,000 

Distance  in  Air  Line       ........  12  miles. 

There  are  five  glaciers  on  its  eastern  slope  ;  springs  of  hot  water  very  near  the 
main  summit;  an  immense  crater  nearly  half  a  mile  in  diameter  on  the  crown 
of  the  lesser  peak ;  and  there  are  chasms,  cliffs,  cataracts,  and  canons  around 
and  around  it,  of  the  wildest  and  most  romantic  character.  Shasta  is  grandly 
isolated  from  the  main  Sierra,  and  certainly  looks  to  be,  if  it  is  not,  by  far 
the  loftiest  mountain  in  the  United  States.  Good  views  are  to  be  had  of  it 
from  Strawberry  and  Shasta  Valleys. 

32.  MISSION  SAN  XAVIER  ARIZONA.    The  mission  San  Xavier, 
at  Tucson,  is  now  over  a  century  old,  and  is  a  type  of  what  has  been  rather 
than  what  is,  as  to  both  its  architecture  and  its  interior  embellishments.     It 

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has  the  gaudy  decorations,  the  quaint  towers,  the  chimes  of  old  bells,  the 
statues,  and  the  bad  paintings  peculiar  to  the  Spanish  church  architecture  of 
last  century.  The  old  bells  still  call  the  few  straggling  Indians  that  remain  in 
the  country  to  worship  within  its  crumbling  walls. 

33.  WAWONA.    Wawona  is  the  title  of  that  particular  Big  Tree  through 
whose  heart  the  coach-and-six  drives  with  so  much  ease  and  room  to  spare. 
It  is  situated  on  a  gently  sloping  hillside,  toward  the  southern  portion  of  the 
Mariposa  grove  of  giants  {Sequoia  Gigantea).    When  the  gazer  stands  by  the 
lead-horses1  heads,  and  looks  back  through  the  aperture  partially  filled  by  the 
stage,  allowing  his  eye  to  wander  a  bit  on  either  side,  he  is  bound  to  reach 
the  conclusion  that  this  is  indeed  a  Big  Tree ;  but  California  has  some  trees 
quite  a  good  deal  larger  than  this. 

34.  SALT   LAKE   CITY.     (Elevation,  4320  ft.)     Salt  Lake  City,  with 
its  notable  public  buildings,  elegant  private  residences,  and  substantial  busi- 
ness houses,  lies  upon  the  low  western  foothills  of  the  Wahsatch  Mountains, 
near  where  they  melt  into  the  plain  of  the  great  Salt  Sea.     It  has  a  population 
of  about  25,000,  and  is  the  centre  of  quite  a  large  mining  and  agricultural 
community.     The  old  Mormon  temple,    built  while  the  railroad  was  still  a 
thousand  miles  away,  was,  and  indeed  still  is,  on  account  of  its  vast  seating 
capacity,  wonderful  organ,  and  unique  style  of  architecture,  one  of  the  great 
attractions  of  the  town  ;  and  the  new  temple,  now  approaching  completion,  is 
one  of  the  most  solid  and  imposing  edifices  in  the  western  country.     The 
wide,  straight  streets  have  streams  of  clear,  living  water  running  through  the 
town  and  away  out  into  the  country,  giving  the  place  a  cleanly,  bright  aspect, 
and  furnishing  irrigation  to  the  long  rows  of  ornamental  shade  trees  that  line 
almost  every  thoroughfare. 

34J,  THE  TEHACHAPJ  LOOP.  (On  the  S.  P.  R.  R.  Elevation,  4025 
ft.)  This  famous  loop,  without  a  parallel  in  railroad  building,  was  one  of 
the  ingenious  ways  devised  for  crossing  an  exceedingly  rebellious  range  of 
mountains,  which  seems  to  be  a  fusion  of  the  Sierra  and  the  coast  ranges.  It 
was  for  a  time  thought  entirely  impracticable  to  traverse  these  mountains  by 
rail,  but  there  was  finally  found  a  will  and  a  way ;  but  just  why  the  road 
crosses  itself,  and  how  it  all  came  about,  and  why  they  couldn't  have  managed 
it  otherwise,  are  not  quite  clear  to  the  average  traveller,  and  cannot  be  easily 
explained. 

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35.  OARFIEIiD    BEACH     Garfield  Beach  is  on  the  eastern  shore  of 
the  Great  Salt  Lake,  near  the  city,  and  is  the  popular  bathing  resort  of  the 
country.     The  extent  and  beautiful  reflections  of  the  lake,  its    islands,    the 
grand  Wahsatch  Mountains,  and  the  fruitful  Canaan  lands  between,  make  a 
picture  beautiful  and  unique,  and  one  seldom  met  with  at  watering-places. 

36.  GOLDEN  GATE  PARK    Golden  Gate  Park,  San  Francisco,  has 
an  area  of  1040  acres,  and  is  laid  out  in  the  shape  of  a  parallelogram,  extend- 
ing from  the  western  portion  of  the  city  to  the  ocean.     A  detailed  description 
of  its  attractions  cannot  be  given  here.     It  is  easily  and  quickly  reached  by 
the  Market  Street  Cable  Car  System,  branching  from  the  main  line  at  Geary, 
McAllister,  Hayes,  and  Haight  streets.      A  ride  along  any  of  these  branches 
affords  fine  views  of  San  Francisco,  and  the  surrounding  bay  and  mountain 
scenery  from  the  highlands  they  cross.     Aside  from  the  pleasant  walks  and 
drives,  the  glories  of  the  conservatory,  the  statuary,  the  flowers  and  trees,  and 
a  hundred  other  fine  things,  the  music  of  the  Saturday  and  Sunday  afternoon 
concerts  is  enough  of  itself  to  induce  one  to  make  the  trip. 

37.  VIRGINIA   CITY.    (Elevation,  6500  ft.     Terminus  of  the  Virginia 
and  Truckee  Railroad.)     Virginia  City  is  perhaps  the  most  famous    mining 
town  in  the  world.     The  great  Comstock  lode,  from  which  so  many  hundreds 
of  millions  of  silver  and  gold  have  been  taken,  runs  in  a  northerly  and  south- 
erly direction  under  the  town.     The  energy,  courage,  and  skill  developed  in 
opening  up  this  great  lode  is  without  a  parallel  in  mining  history.     Some  of 
the  mining  shafts  are  over  three-fifths  of  a  mile  in  depth,  and  the  excavations 
in  tunnels,  etc.,  would  aggregate  scores  of  miles.     The  town  is  picturesquely 
located  on  what  is  really  a  spur  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  that  breaks  away  from 
the  main  ridge  near  Carson.     The  view  in  all  directions  is  one  of  unsurpassed 
grandeur.     Although  situated  on  the  side  of  a  high  mountain  and  upon  a 
seemingly  inaccessible  location,  Virginia  City  compares  favorably  in  all  mat- 
ters of  modern  improvement  with  any  town  in  the  west. 

39.  DEVIL'S  SLIDE.  A  parallel  ridge  of  sharply  serrated  granite  out- 
croppings  that  extend  from  the  summit  to  the  base  of  the  south  wall  of  Weber 
Canon,  Utah.  The  steep,  inclined  avenue  between  these  abrupt  walls  is  now 
overgrown  with  grass,  wild  flowers,  and  vines,  suggesting  the  idea  that  prob- 
ably his  Satanic  Nibs  has  found  quite  enough  to  attend  to  further  west,  and 
has  let  his  favorite  slide  go  to  grass. 

(10) 


40.  PORTLAND,  OREGON      Portland,  the  centre  of  trade  and  popula- 
tion of  Oregon,  is  situated  on  the  Willamette  River,  twelve  miles  above  the 
Columbia,  and,  although  about  a  hundred  miles  from  the  ocean,  is  practically 
a  seaport  town,  as  these  rivers  are  navigable  for  ocean  steamers  and  large 
ships  as  far  up  as  Portland.     This  young,  bustling  town  is  the  commercial 
and  geographical  centre  of  a  grand  territory,  whose  resources  are  vast  and 
varied;  timber,  minerals,  arable  lands,  etc.,  etc.,  and  this  too  in  a  state  where 
there  has  never  been  a  failure  in  crops. 

41.  DONNBR    LAKE.     (On    the    C.  P.  R.  R.     Elevation,    6130    ft.) 
Donner  Lake  is  nestled  down  behind  the  summit  of  the  Sierra,  and  is  called 
the    bright   particular  jewel   of  the   mountains.      There   are   on   its   shores 
magniricent  pine  forests,  which  extend  away  up  into  the  clouds,  and  in  its 
clear    mirror  scores  of  snowy  peaks  are  reflected.     Trout  swarm  in  its  cool 
depths,  pleasure  boats  skim  over  its  shining  surface,  and  at  night  the  stars 
come  down  to  bathe  in  its  pellucid  bosom. 

42.  LAKE  TAHOE.     (!2  miles  by  stage  from  the  C.  P.  R.  R.     Eleva- 
tion, 6200   ft.)     This  great  lake  wonder  covers  an  area  of  one  hundred  and 
ninety-five  square  miles.     It  is  a  place  of  great  resort  on  account  of  its  clear, 
invigorating  atmosphere,  charming  scenery,  and  the  opportunities  for  sport 
and    recreation   on   its   waters.     It   is    one   of  the  greatest  creations  of  that 
magnificent  cluster  of  wonders  found  in  what  is  called  the  ';  High  Sierra," 
a  territory  extending  south  from  Tahoe  to  Mount  Whitney.     Its  waters  are 
perfectly  pure,  blue,  and  cold,  and  as  transparent  as  the  sky.     Sailing  across 
its  surface  has  been  likened  to  a  voyage  in  a  balloon. 

43  &  44.  "WILLAMETTE  FALLS.  At  Oregon  City,  Oregon,  the  whole 
volume  of  the  Willamette  River  falls  over  a  bluff  that  extends  across  the 
stieam,  furnishing  not  only  an  exceedingly  picturesque  and  stupendous 
waterfall,  but  the  finest  power  perhaps  in  the  United  States.  Moreover,  it 
furnishes  the  angler  an  opportunity,  at  certain  seasons,  of  testing  his  skill  in 
landing  a  twenty-pound  salmcn.  There  are  locks  here  connecting  the  upper 
and  lower  waters  of  the  river.  The  shores  are  bold  and  forest-crowned,  and 
the  general  features  of  the  country  are  of  particular  scenic  interest. 

4*5.  SANTA  BARBARA  MISSION.  rSonthern  California.)  This 
mission  was  founded  on  Dec.  4.  1786  the  Hate  of  the  celebration  of  the  feast 

(II) 


of  Santa  Barbara.  It  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  well  preserved  of  the 
old  mission  buildings.  It  has  always  ueen  uiidci  the  control  of  the  Franciscan 
Order  of  Friars,  who  now  utilize  it  as  a  college  building.  It  occupies  the 
most  beautiful  and  commanding  site  of  any  building  in  Santa  Barbara,  arid  is 
an  object  of  great  interest  to  strangers. 

46.  MOSSBRAE  FALLS  (On  the  Shasta  Route.)  Mossbrae  Falls 
are  located  about  one  and  three-quarter  miles  above  Upper  Soda  Springs. 
They  are  scattered  along  the  mountain  side  for  about  half,  a  mile,  and  are 
not  so  much  noted  for  their  great  height  or  the  roar  of  their  waters  as  for  the 
charm  of  their  surroundings.  They  steal  down  with  a  quiet  rustle  over  great 
banks  of  mosses  and  ferns,  and  fall  with  a  musical  gurgle  into  the  river  below. 
These  falls  furnish  an  abundant  supply  of  ice  water  even  in  dog-days ;  in  fact, 
their  temperature  in  summer  is  about  as  low  as  in  winter. 


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